Iceland

Article 21

The President of the Republic concludes treaties with other States. Unless approved by Althingi, he may not make such treaties if they entail renouncement of, or servitude on, territory or territorial waters, or if they require changes in the State system.

Article 66

Every person lawfully residing in Iceland shall be free to choose his residence and shall enjoy freedom of travel subject to any limitations laid down by law.

Article 67

No one may be deprived of his liberty except as permitted by law.

Any person deprived of his liberty without valid reason shall have a right to compensation.

Article 68

No one may be subjected to torture or any other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

No one shall be required to perform compulsory labour.

Article 75

Everyone is free to pursue the occupation of his choosing. This right may however be restricted by law, if such restriction is required with regard to the public interest.

The right of people to negotiate terms of employment and other labour-related matters shall be regulated by law.

Constitution of the Republic of Iceland 1944 (amendments through 2013) (PDF)

Art. 225

In case a person force another one to do, suffer or omit something by exerting physical violence or threatening to expose himself/herself or his/her next-of-kin to physical violence or the deprivation of freedom or by presenting a false accusation of

him/her or his/her next-of-kin having committed punishable or dishonourable conduct or another such accusation, although this be true and if the compulsion is insufficiently justified on account of the matter at which the threat is aimed or finally by threatening him/her to cause considerable damage or destruction to his/her property, this is subject to fines or imprisonment for up to 2 years.

Art. 226

Anyone depriving another person of his/her freedom shall be subject to imprisonment for up to 4 years.

In case the deprivation of freedom has been committed for the purpose of gain or been of extended duration and also if a person has without authority been admitted to a lunatic asylum, removed to other countries or handed over to people who are not entitled thereto, penalty of imprisonment shall be applied for no less than 1 year and up to 16 years or for life.

Art. 227 a.

Anyone convicted of the following acts, one or more, for the

purpose of sexually using a person or for forced labour or to remove his/her organs shall be punished for human trafficking by up to 12 years’ imprisonment:

1. Procuring, transporting, handing over, housing or accepting someone who has been subjected to unlawful compulsion under Article 225 or deprived of freedom as covered by the fires paragraph of Article 226, or threatened as defined in Article 233 or subjected to unlawful deception by awakening, strengthening or utilizing the lack of understanding concerning circumstances or by exploiting the position of vulnerability of the person concerned.
2. Procuring, transporting, handing over, housing or accepting an individual younger than 18 years of age.
3. Rendering payment or other gain in order to acquire approval from a person who has control of another person’s actions for the exploitation of that person.

The same penalty shall be applied to a person accepting payment or other gain under indent 3 of the first paragraph.

If a violation under the first paragraph is committed against a child, this shall be considered as an aggravating factor when deciding the severity of the punishment.

The same penalty shall be applied to anyone convicted of the following acts, one or more, for the purpose of facilitating human trafficking:

1. Forging a travel or identity document.
2. Acting as an intermediary in obtaining, or providing, such documents.

3. Retaining, removing, damaging or destroying the travel or identity documents of another individual.

General Penal Code no.19, February 12, 1940. 1 March 2004 (PDF)

Article 7

A man and a woman may marry when they have both attained the age of 18 years. The Ministry of Justice may permit the marriage of younger persons.

Article 28

Either spouse may claim annulment of his or her marriage:

1. If the claimant was not in command of his or her reason at the time the union was proclaimed, or if his or her condition was in other respects such that the marriage could not be validly covenanted under law;
2. if the claimant was married to a person other than he or she had engaged to marry, or if the claimant had married without his or her intention;
3. if the other spouse had induced the claimant to marry by misrepresentation, or by keeping silent about facts of his or her life that would have deterred the claimant from the marriage had they been known;
4. if the claimant was married under duress.

Action for annulment cannot be brought after six months have passed since the condition described under (1) above abated, since the claimant obtained knowledge of the cause for annulment under (2) or (3) above, or since duress under (4) above ceased. In any case such action cannot be brought when three years have elapsed from the celebration of marriage.

Law no. 31 of 1993 Law in Respect of Marriage (PDF)